What is Human Brain

Brain is the controller of the body. God has made it to control the body without depending on other organs or external control. Almost all the activities are controlled by the brain. The brain receives input from sensory organs and controls motor organs like the hands and feet. Eyes for sight input, ears for hearing input, nose for smell input, skin (touch), tongue for taste. — all are connected to the brain and provide input to help it control the body in a better way.

The brain is a part of the body's nervous system, just as the heart is a part of the blood circulation system. It is the central part of the entire nervous system. The brain contains more than 86 billion neurons. It sends messages through neurotransmitters.

Like other parts of the body, the brain can also be affected by diseases and infections. The main ones are brain stroke and brain tumor.

Main Parts of the Human Brain

1. Cerebrum

   • Largest part of the brain

   • Controls voluntary actions, intelligence, memory, speech, emotions, and sensory processing

2. Cerebellum

   • Located under the cerebrum

   • Controls balance, posture, and coordination of movements

3. Brainstem (includes three parts):

   • Midbrain (Correct spelling, not "mdbrain")

     • Involved in vision, hearing, motor control, and alertness

   • Pons

     • Connects different parts of the brain and helps in breathing regulation

   • Medulla Oblongata

     • Controls involuntary functions like heartbeat, digestion, and breathing

4. Diencephalon (also called the "between-brain")

   • Contains:

     • Thalamus – relays sensory signals

     • Hypothalamus – controls hunger, thirst, temperature, hormones, and emotions

     • Epithalamus and Subthalamus (smaller parts)

5. Spinal Cord (not technically part of the brain, but a part of the central nervous system)

   • Connects the brain to the rest of the body

   • Relays messages and controls reflexes